说明：lspci 是一个用来显示系统中所有PCI总线设备或连接到该总线上的所有设备的工具。
lspci -Dn -s $bdf
-D 选项表示在输出信息中显示设备的 domain
-n 选项表示用数字的方式显示设备的 vendor ID 和 device ID
-s 选项表示仅显示后面指定的一个设备的信息
lspci -k -s $bdf
-k 表示输出信息中显示正在使用的驱动和内核中可以支持该设备的模板。
lspci -v -s $bdf | grep SR-IOV
查看PCI设备是否支持 SR-IOV 功能
lspci -nvv -s $bdf 查看该 bdf 的 device id, 像下面的 203f 就是设备 ID.
fa:00.0 0604: 8086:203f (rev 04) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Physical Slot: 0-2
Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr+ Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx+
Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
Latency: 0
ref:
https://superuser.com/questions/693964/can-i-find-out-if-pci-e-slot-is-1-0-2-0-or-3-0-in-linux-terminal
http://www.edn.com/electronics-news/4380071/What-does-GT-s-mean-anyway-
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/PCI_Express
PCIE 有三个版本，分别是 PCIe 1.1, PCIe 2.0, PCIe 3.0
You can use the “dmidecode” command to give an in depth list of all the hardware on the system and then view that. I did a “quick and dirty” command to show the pertinent bit as follows:
dmidecode | grep “PCI” Which returned
PCI is supported Type: x16 PCI Express 2 x8 Type: x8 PCI Express 2 x4 Type: x8 PCI Express 2 x4 Type: x8 PCI Express 2 x4 Type: 32-bit PCI
Using lspci -vv, you can get the transfer rate and compare it with the transfer rate specified for the revisions. A sample output would read:
$ lspci -vv | grep -E 'PCI bridge|LnkCap'
00:02.0 PCI bridge: NVIDIA Corporation C51 PCI Express Bridge (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
LnkCap: Port #2, **Speed 2.5GT/s**, Width x1, ASPM L0s L1, Latency L0 <512ns, L1 <4us
Most of us are used to seeing bus speeds specified in Gbps, or gigabits per second, but GT/s stands for gigatransfers per second. What’s the difference? The difference has to do with the encoding of the data. Because PCIe is a serial bus with the clock embedded in the data, it needs to ensure that enough level transitions (1 to 0 and 0 to 1) occur for a receiver to recover the clock. To increase level transitions, PCIe uses “8b/10b” encoding, where every eight bits are encoded into a 10-bit symbol that is then decoded at the receiver. Thus, the bus needs to transfer 10 bits to send 8 bits of encoded data.
2.5GT/s = 2Gb/s = 2Gbps
实例1：不必加上任何选项，就能够显示出目前的硬件配备
# lspci
// 主板芯片
Host bridge: Intel Corporation 3200/3210 Chipset DRAM Controller
// USB控制器
00:19.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82566DM-2 Gigabit Network Connection (rev 02)
00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 02)
00:1a.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #5 (rev 02)
00:1a.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #6 (rev 02)
00:1a.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2 (rev 02)
//接口插槽
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 02)
00:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 5 (rev 02)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 02)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 02)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 02)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1 (rev 02)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev 92)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801IR (ICH9R) LPC Interface Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801IR/IO/IH (ICH9R/DO/DH) 4 port SATA IDE Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 02)
00:1f.5 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801I (ICH9 Family) 2 port SATA IDE Controller (rev 02)
//显卡
02:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Matrox Graphics, Inc. MGA G200e [Pilot] ServerEngines (SEP1) (rev 02)
//网卡
03:02.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82541GI Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 05)
实例2：查看一般详细信息
# lspci -v 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 3200/3210 Chipset DRAM ControllerSubsystem: Intel Corporation Unknown device 34d0Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information00:19.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82566DM-2 Gigabit Network Connection (rev 02)Subsystem: Intel Corporation Unknown device 34d0Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 50Memory at e1a00000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128K]Memory at e1a20000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
I/O ports at 20e0 [size=32]Capabilities: [c8] Power Management version 2Capabilities: [d0] Message Signalled Interrupts: 64bit+ Queue=0/0 Enable+Capabilities: [e0] #13 [0306]
实例3：查看网卡详细信息
# lspci -s 03:02.0 -vv //-s后面接的是每个设备的总线、插槽与相关函数功能
03:02.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82541GI Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 05)Subsystem: Intel Corporation Unknown device 34d0Control: I/O+ Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV+ VGASnoop- ParErr+ Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B-Status: Cap+ 66MHz+ UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <tabort- <mabort- >SERR- <perr-Latency: 32 (63750ns min), Cache Line Size: 64 bytes Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 209Region 0: Memory at e1920000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128K]Region 1: Memory at e1900000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128K]Region 2: I/O ports at 1000 [size=64]Expansion ROM at fffe0000 [disabled] [size=128K]Capabilities: [dc] Power Management version 2Flags: PMEClk- DSI+ D1- D2- AuxCurrent=0mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)Status: D0 PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=1 PME-Capabilities: [e4] PCI-X non-bridge device
Command: DPERE- ERO+ RBC=512 OST=1Status: Dev=00:00.0 64bit- 133MHz- SCD- USC- DC=simple DMMRBC=2048 DMOST=1 DMCRS=8 RSCEM- 266MHz- 533MHz-
附录1：为了能使用这个命令所有功能，你需要有 linux 2.1.82 或以上版本，支持 /proc/bus/pci 接口的核心。在旧版本核心中，PCI工具必须使用只有root才能执行的直接硬体访问，而且总是出现竞争状况以及其他问题。 如果你要报告 PCI 设备驱动中，或者是 lspci 自身的 bugs，请在报告中包含 “lspci -vvx” 的输出。
附录2：CentOS bash: lspci: command not found解决方法 大多使用/sbin/lspci即可，我发现我的系统中/sbin下也没有。使用yum install lspci显示没有这个包。
# yum whatprovides */lspciLoaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.grandcloud.cn
* extras: mirrors.163.com* updates: mirrors.grandcloud.cn
base/filelists | 3.6 MB 00:16
extras/filelists_db | 241 kB 00:00
updates/filelists_db | 2.4 MB 00:19
pciutils-3.1.7-5.el5.x86_64 : PCI bus related utilities
//这里显示的pciutils-3.1.7-5.el5.x86_64Repo: baseMatched from:Filename: /sbin/lspci
pciutils-3.1.7-3.el5.x86_64 : PCI bus related utilities.Repo: installed
Matched from:Filename: /sbin/lspci